James Wolfe, (1727-1759), was born at Westerham, Kent, England on January 2, 1727. He was the elder son of Lieutenant Colonel Edward Wolfe, an experienced soldier, who afterward rose to the rank of lieutenant general, and of Henrietta, daughter of Edward Thompson, of Long Marston, Yorkshire. He received his brief education at private schools, the first at Westerham, the second at Greenwich. From his earliest years he was determined to be a soldier, despite his weak health, which just prevented him from sailing as a volunteer with the ill-fated Cartagena expedition of 1740. In 1741 he received a commission in the marines, but, having transferred into the line, he was sent to Flanders in the spring of 1742 as an ensign in the 12th foot. Until the close of the War of the Austrian Succession, he was continuously on active service, being present at the battles of Dettingen, Falkirk, Culloden and Laffeldt, where he was wounded. His zeal, intelligence and gallantry won him the regard of his superiors, notably the duke of Cumberland. In 1743 he was appointed adjutant of the 12th; next year he received a captain's commission in the 4th; in 1745 and 1747 he served as brigade major; while in Scotland he was aide-de-camp to General Hawley.
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